NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science Economics Chapter 4 Globalisation And Indian Economy
Globalisation And Indian Economy class 10 : The NCERT Solutions to the questions after every unit of NCERT textbooks aimed at helping students solving difficult questions.
For a better understanding of this chapter, you should also see summary of Chapter 4 Globalisation And Indian Economy , Social Science Economics, Class 10.
Globalisation And Indian Economy class 10
Class | 10 |
Subject | Social Science Economics |
Book | Understanding Economic Development |
Chapter Number | 4 |
Chapter Name |
Globalisation And Indian Economy |
NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science Economics chapter 4 Globalisation And Indian Economy
This chapter deals with globalisation. Here you will get to know the integration between countries through foreign trade and foreign investments by multinational corporations (MNCs). You will further get to know the role that MNCs plays in the globalisation process. The final section of the chapter covers the impact of globalisation and the extent to which globalisation contributed to the development process.
In CBSE Notes Class 10 Economics Chapter 4 – Globalisation and the Indian Economy, we have mainly dealt with the Integration of production and integration of markets. This will help you to understand the process of globalisation and its impact in a better way.
In a matter of years, our markets have transformed.
Production Across Countries
Trade was the main channel connecting distant countries. Large companies, which are now called Multinational Corporations (MNCs) play a major role in trade. An MNC is a company that owns or controls production in more than one nation. MNCs set up offices and factories for production in regions where they can get cheap labour and other resources so that the company can earn greater profits.
Interlinking Production Across Countries
The money that is spent to buy assets such as land, building, machines and other equipment is called investment. An investment made by MNCs is called foreign investment. MNCs are exerting a strong influence on production at these distant locations. As a result, production in these widely dispersed locations is getting interlinked.
There are a variety of ways as mentioned below, in which MNCs are spreading their production and interacting with local producers in various countries across the globe.
- By setting up partnerships with local companies
- By using the local companies for supplies
- By closely competing with the local companies or buying them up
MNCs set up production jointly with local companies which benefits local companies in the following ways:
- First, MNCs can provide money for additional investments, like buying new machines for faster production.
- Second, MNCs might bring with them the latest technology for production.
Foreign Trade and Integration of Markets
Foreign trade creates an opportunity for the producers to reach beyond the domestic markets. Producers can sell their products not only in markets located within the country but can also compete in markets located in other countries of the world. Similarly, buyers have the options to choose among various goods beyond domestically produced goods. Thus, foreign trade results in connecting the markets or integration of markets in different countries.
What is Globalisation
Globalisation is the process of rapid integration or interconnection of countries. MNCs are playing a major role in the globalisation process.
- More and more goods and services, investments and technology are moving between countries.
- There is one more way in which the countries can be connected. This is through the movement of people between countries.
Factors that have Enabled Globalisation
Technology
Rapid improvement in technology has been one major factor that has stimulated the globalisation process. This has made possible much faster delivery of goods across long distances at lower costs. The developments in information and communication technology have made information instantly accessible.
Liberalisation of Foreign Trade and Foreign Investment Policy
Trade barriers are some restrictions that have been set up by governments. The government can use trade barriers to increase or decrease (regulate) foreign trade and to decide what kinds of goods and how much of each, should come into the country. Tax on imports is an example of trade barrier.
Removing barriers or restrictions set by the government on trade is known as liberalisation. When the government imposes less restrictions than before, it is said to be more liberal.
World Trade Organisation
World Trade Organisation (WTO) is an organisation whose aim is to liberalise international trade. At present, 164 countries of the world are currently members of the WTO. It has established rules for developed countries regarding international trade so that these countries can allow free trade for all.
Impact of Globalisation in India
Globalisation has impacted the lives of people in India in the following manner:
- It has provided greater choices to consumers who now enjoy improved quality of and lower prices on several products.
- It has resulted in higher standards of living.
Globalisation has also created new opportunities for companies providing services, particularly in the IT sector.
The Struggle for a Fair Globalisation
Fair globalisation creates opportunities for all and also ensures that the benefits of globalisation are shared better. The government can play a major role in making this possible.
Some of the steps that the government take are:
- It can ensure that labour laws are properly implemented and the workers get their rights.
- It can support small producers to improve their performance.
- If necessary, the government can use trade and investment barriers.
- It can negotiate at the WTO for ‘fairer rules’.
- It can also align with other developing countries with similar interests to fight against the domination of developed countries in the WTO.
We hope “CBSE Notes Class 10 Economics Chapter 4 – Globalisation and the Indian Economy” helped you in your studies. Keep Learning and stay tuned for more updates on CBSE and NCERT.
Frequently asked Questions on CBSE Class 10 Economics Notes Chapter 4: Globalisation and the Indian Economy
What are the benefits of globalisation?
1. Access to foreign cultures
2. Technological innovation
3. Improved living standards
4. Emergence of new talent
5. Higher standards of living
What are the main elements of globalisation?
Principle elements of globalisation are:
1. International trade
2. foreign investment
3. capital market flows
4. labor migration
5. diffusion of technology
What are the different types of globalisation?
Political, economic and cultural globalisation are the main types of globalisation.
Question & Answer
Q.1: Complete the following statement to show how the production process in the garment industry is spread across countries. The brand tag says ‘Made in Thailand’ but they are not Thai products. We dissect the manufacturing process and look for the best solution at each step. We are doing it globally. In making garments, the company may, for example, get cotton fiber from Korea, …..
Ans : Buttons from France, design the garment in Italy, manufacture the cloth in China, stitch the garment in Thailand and sell it all over the world.
Q.2: Would you say Ford Motors is a MNC? Why?
Ans : Yes, because it owns or controls its production units in many countries, with its head office in USA
Q.3: What is foreign investment? How much did Ford Motors invest in India?
Ans : investment made by an MNC to buy assets like land, building and machinery equipment in a country other than the country of their origin is termed as foreign investment. Ford Motors invested Rs. 1,700 crore In India.
Q.4: By setting up their production plants in India, MNCs such as Ford Motors tap the advantage not only of the large markets that countries such as India provide, but also the lower costs of production. Explain the statement.
Ans : To reduce their costs and maximize their profits, MNCs generally set up production plants where
(a) They are close to their markets.
(b) Skilled / unskilled labour is available at a low cost.
(c) Availability of other factors of production is there.
(d) Government policies are favourable. Ford Motors has done the same by setting up a large plant near Chennai, as all the above conditions were met.
Q.5: Why do you think the company wants to develop India as a base for manufacturing car components for its global operations? Discuss the following factors:
(a) cost of labour and other resources in India
(b) the presence of several local manufacturers who supply auto parts to Ford Motors
(c) closeness to a large number of buyers in India and China
Ans : The company wants to develop India as a base for manufacturing car components for the following reasons
(a) A number of local manufacturers are supplying car components to their Chennai plant and the MNC feels that they can supply to their other plants across the world.
(b) Cost of labour and materials is very low in India/which will result in more profits for the MNC.
(c) The components can be supplied cheaply to other MNC car manufacturers in India and China.
Globalisation And Indian Economy
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